x
Vernaet_Lia_infographic
1906
The world’s fi
r
st anim
a
ted film was
J
.
Stua
r
t Blackton’s
Humo
r
ous Phases O
f
Fun
n
y
F
aces
. He uses a chalkboard to
cre
a
te stop motion (taking photos o
f
real object
s
, each becoming a f
r
ame in
the anim
a
tion) and cutout anim
a
tion
(props cut out from paper or other
solid m
a
terials)
Ge
r
die the Dinosaur
was anim
a
ted
b
y
W
insor McC
a
y
, who claimed to be the
“fi
r
st man in the world to cre
a
te ani
-
m
a
ted ca
r
toons”. The film was a huge
suces
s
, and it is said th
a
t
e
v
en
Disn
e
y
st
r
u
g
gled to recapture the quality o
f
McC
a
y’s anim
a
tion. It is the earliest
w
ell kn
o
wn anim
a
tion in histo
r
y
.
1914
Sn
o
w
W
hite
was a reolutiona
r
y moment
f
or anim
a
tion. It was the fi
r
st full-length
cel anim
a
ted fe
a
ture film, and
Disn
e
y
’s
fi
r
st film. Though some o
f
the anim
a
tion
i
n
v
ol
v
ed t
r
acing real life
f
oot
a
g
e
, the film
was a huge breakthough in anim
a
tion and
set the standards
f
or the futur
e
.
1937
After
Sn
o
w
W
hite
,
Disn
e
y
continued to
produce anim
a
ted films th
a
t would
g
o
d
o
wn in histo
r
y
, an inspi
r
a
tion and
e
xample
f
or the futur
e
. Anim
a
tion
became a frequent pa
r
t o
f
Hol
l
ywood
and the a
r
t became
v
e
r
y significant.
1950s-1980s
The e
r
a bet
w
en 1989 to 1999 is kn
o
wn as
the Disney
R
enaissanc
e
. More musical
films
w
ere cre
a
ted in addition to using the
stories o
f
the past, which resulted in the
films becoming more successful than any
Disney had made be
f
orehand. At this
tim
e
, 3D anim
a
tion b
e
g
an to be
inco
r
po
r
a
ted along with the t
r
aditional
2D anim
a
tion.
1989+
The History and Process of
Anim
a
t
i
on
Anim
a
t
i
on
Anim
a
t
i
on
Fun
F
act
Disney and
P
ixar
c
ollabo
r
a
t
ed
f
or the first time in 1995
t
o c
r
e
a
t
e
T
o
y
S
t
o
r
y
, the
v
e
r
y first anim
a
t
ed film c
r
e
a
t
ed e
n
ti
r
ely on a
c
ompu
t
e
r
. Only 27 anim
a
t
ors
w
o
r
ked on the film, as 3D anim
a
tion
w
as a new p
r
o
f
ession th
a
t
f
ew
w
e
r
e familiar with.
Fun
F
act
T
he
F
o
x and the Hound
w
as a tu
r
ning poi
n
t in Disney anim
a
tion.
I
t
w
as the last film th
a
t ma
n
y of Disne
y
’
s o
r
i
g
inal anim
a
t
ors
w
o
r
ked on,
including
F
r
ank
T
homa
s
, Ollie Johns
t
on, and Cliff No
r
dbe
r
g
, anim
a
t
ors
who had
w
o
r
ked on films as ea
r
ly as Sn
o
w
W
hi
t
e
. New anim
a
t
ors
began m
o
ving in
t
o take their pla
c
e as these legends
r
eti
r
e
d
.
Fun
F
act
D
u
r
ing
W
o
r
ld
W
ar 2 a
f
t
er the
a
ttack on
P
ea
r
l Ha
r
bo
r
, ma
n
y of Disne
y
’
s
anim
a
t
ors
w
e
r
e d
r
a
f
t
ed i
n
t
o the a
r
med
f
o
r
c
e
s
.
D
u
r
ing this tim
e
,
Disney began
r
eleasing multiple
w
ar p
r
opaganda film
s
, including
D
er
F
ueh
r
e
r
’
s
F
a
c
e
, an anim
a
t
ed sho
r
t in which
D
onald
D
uck is
h
a
ving a nig
h
tma
r
e about
w
o
r
k
ing in a fa
c
t
o
r
y in Nazi
G
e
r
ma
n
y
.
Fun
F
act
W
insor
M
c
C
a
y first s
a
w the possibili
t
y of
“
ma
k
ing m
o
ving pi
c
tu
r
e
s
”
a
f
t
er seeing flipbooks his son b
r
oug
h
t hom
e
.
I
nspi
r
e
d
, he c
r
e
a
t
ed
an anim
a
t
ed sho
r
t called Little Nem
o
, which
c
onsis
t
ed of
o
v
er
f
our thousand d
r
a
wings on
r
i
c
e pape
r
.
Fun
F
act
S
t
op motion anim
a
tion is c
r
e
a
t
ed
b
y ta
k
ing a pho
t
o
g
r
aph of a
r
eal
obje
c
t
, m
o
ving it slig
h
tl
y
, then ta
k
ing another and
r
epe
a
ting the
p
r
o
c
ess u
n
til the anim
a
tion is
c
omple
t
e
.
T
he
N
ig
h
tma
r
e
B
e
f
o
r
e Ch
r
istma
c
onsis
t
ed of 227 puppets each with multiple head
s
, Jack Skelling
t
on
h
a
ving a
r
ound 400.
S
t
o
r
yboar
d
s
One o
f
the fi
r
st and most impo
r
tant pieces
o
f
anim
a
tion are the sto
r
yboard
s
. They can
be simple or
v
e
r
y detailed s
k
etches o
f
a
moment, or sometimes
e
v
en a single f
r
ame
in an anim
a
tion. The entire film is pieced
t
o
gether using these sto
r
yboard
s
, and when
it looks just right, the anim
a
to
r
s ta
k
e
o
v
er
and refer to the sto
r
yboards when anim
a
ting
the final product.
Mo
d
el Sheets
A model sheet, also kn
o
wn as a cha
r
acter
sheet, is a reference
f
or anim
a
to
r
s to use
when d
r
a
win
g
. Hundreds o
f
anim
a
to
r
s will
work on the same project and will h
a
v
e their
o
wn d
r
a
wing style
s
. This ensures th
a
t the
design, beh
a
vio
r
, and propo
r
tions o
f
the
cha
r
acter st
a
y
e
xact
l
y the sam
e
, despite the
many different anim
a
to
r
s working on them.
Lining and Inking
Lining and inking (or coloring) is one o
f
the final
st
e
ps in anim
a
tion. The f
r
ames are d
r
a
wn ne
a
t
l
y
in their final
v
e
r
sion
s
, and then colored in. Back
in the ear
l
y d
a
ys o
f
anim
a
tion, this was all done
b
y hand with ink and paint, hense the te
r
m
“inking”.
T
od
a
y
, it is all done digital
l
y
. Once the
f
r
ames are put t
o
gether along with a back
g
round
and other effect
s
, the anim
a
tion is complete!